The study identified 9 breeds that could be represented on the branches of a phylogenetic tree which grouped together with strong statistical support and could be separated from the other breeds with a modern European origin. Between 1915 and 1940, American Kennel Club statistics … Feists have a consistent set of characteristics that reliably differentiate them from other dog types and breeds. A breed is a specific group of domestic animals having homogeneous appearance (), homogeneous behavior, and/or other characteristics that distinguish it from other organisms of the same species.In literature, there exist several slightly deviating definitions. The dog breed, Akita, originated in the snowy and rural lands of Akita and Odate, mountainous regions of Japan. [33][34] Indeed, studies have reported lifespans that are shorter by between one and almost two years. Without such proof, identification of a specific breed is not reliable. The first dogs were certainly wolflike, but the phenotypic changes that coincided with the dog–wolf genetic divergence are not known. Animal Planet. [21] Dogs of a specific breed breed true, producing young that are very similar to their parents. [43] This environment included humans but with little or no selective breeding by humans. Despite its name, it's not a spaniel breed. The book explains Coren's theories about the differences in intelligence between various breeds of dogs. They often serve as registries, which are lists of adult purebred dogs and lists of litters of puppies born to purebred parents. [12][16] These breeds were referred to as "ancient", as opposed to modern, breeds because historically it was believed their origins dated back more than 500 years. [35][36] [42], Natural breeds rose through time in response to a particular environment and in isolation from other populations of the species. The original Schnauzer was of the same size as the modern Standard Schnauzer breed and was bred as a rat-catcher and guard dog.The Giant Schnauzer and the Miniature Schnauzer were … This list includes common breeds, rare breeds, and breeds that are still being developed into new breeds. [29] Included in the breed standard description are externally observable aspects of appearance and behaviour that are considered by the breed club to be the most important for the breed, and externally observable details of appearance or temperament that are considered by the breed club to be unacceptable (called faults). Notably, dog breeds with flat faces and short noses have breathing difficulties,[37] eye trouble and other health issues.[38]. The Tibetan Spaniel is a breed of assertive, small, intelligent dogs originating over 2,500 years ago in the Himalayan mountains of Tibet. Over time, other breed registries followed suit. Dogs of same breed have similar characteristics of appearance and behavior, primarily because they come from a select set of ancestors who had the same characteristics. In 2012, a study looked at 49,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms that gave a genome-wide coverage of 1,375 dogs representing 35 breeds, 19 wolves, and previous published genetic signatures of other breeds, giving a total of 121 breeds covered. Over the past 200 years, dogs have undergone rapid phenotypic change and were formed into today's modern breeds due to artificial selection imposed by humans. The skull, body, and limb proportions vary significantly between breeds, with dogs displaying more phenotypic diversity than can be found within the entire order of carnivores. M Molossers (9 P) S Spaniels (8 P) T Terriers (18 P) Pages in category "Dog breeds" These breeds can vary in size and weight from a 0.46 kg (1.0 lb) teacup poodle to a 90 kg (200 lb) giant mastiff. A typical brachycephalic molossoid type breed, the Bordeaux is a very powerful dog, with a very muscular body. List of extinct dog breeds, varieties and types. These included spitz-breeds, toy dogs, spaniels, Mastiff-like breeds, small terriers, retrievers, herding dogs, scent-hounds, and sight-hounds. The study indicated that throughout history, global dog populations experienced numerous episodes of diversification and homogenization, with each round further reducing the power of genetic data derived from modern breeds to help infer their early history. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dog breeds. Breeds are usually categorized by the functional type from which the breed was developed. Form was given a more prominent role than function. Over 300 dog breeds information and photos Dog Breeds: Guideline for Exacting Dog Owners. Not to be confused with the Golden Retriever The Golden Labrador is not a purebred dog. The domestic dog is the first species, and the only large carnivore, to have been domesticated. These breeds possess distinct traits related to morphology, which include body size, skull shape, tail phenotype, fur type, and coat colour. This dog is an old breed of dog. [25] California Assembly Act AB 1634 was a bill introduced in 2007 that would require all non-working dogs of mixed breed over the age of 6 months to be neutered or spayed. Most breeds were derived from small numbers of founders within the last 200 years. The dog breed selector helps you determine which type of dog you should get. Many different terms were used to describe dogs, such as breed, strain, type, kind, and variety. [4] Driven by dog shows and the groups that hosted them, the term dog breed took on an entirely new meaning. The study referred to these 16 as basal breeds, as opposed to ancient breeds, as they exhibited genetic divergence but not all of them were historically considered to be "ancient breeds". [18], The 2012 study found that modern breeds only emerged in the 19th century and that claims of their antiquity are based on little or no historical or empirical evidence. There were 17 breeds that conflicted with phenotype or function and these were thought to be the result of crossing some of the other phenotypes. Most basal breeds have hybridized with other lineages in the past. The origins of dogs date back thousands of years, having evolved as domesticated descendants of the wolf, whereas modern dog breeds date back to the late 19th century. 1 Nintendogs (DS) 1.1 Table 1.2 Visual 1.2.1 Chihuahua & Friends 1.2.2 Labrador & Friends 1.2.3 Dachshund & Friends 1.2.4 Dalmatian & Friends 1.2.5 Best Friends 1.2.6 Chihuahua & Friends (JAP) 1.2.7 Shiba Inu & Friends 1.2.8 Dachshund & Friends (JAP) 2 Nintendogs + Cats (3DS) 2.1 Table 2.2 Visual 2.2.1 French Bulldog & New Friends 2.2.2 Golden Retriever & New Friends / Shiba Inu & New … Name Image Notes Alaunt: Large running dogs used during the Middle Ages to seize and bring down game for the hunter to dispatch; they were described as having the body of a greyhound with a broad and short brachycephalic type head. In contrast, modern dog breeds are particular breed standards, sharing a common set of heritable characteristics, determined by the kennel club that recognizes the breed. The Argentine pila dog, the Bolivian Hairless Dog and the Ecuadorian Hairless Dog are not registered hairless dog breeds. Other dogs were more massive at 30 kg (66 lb) and appear to be dogs that had been crossed with wolves and used for polar-bear hunting. Gundogs, including Pointers, Retrievers, and Spaniels The study found that there were three well-supported groups that were highly divergent and distinct from modern domestic dogs. [10] Most modern dog breeds are the products of the controlled breeding practices of the Victorian era (1830-1900),[11][12] and the accurate documenting of pedigrees with the establishment of the English Kennel Club in 1873 in imitation of other stud book registries for cattle and horses. They share ancestry with the Pekingese, Japanese Chin, Shih Tzu, Lhasa Apso, Tibetan Terrier and Pug. Standing 21 to 27 inches in height at the withers and weighing 55 to 90 pounds, the Chinook is balanced and muscular. List of dog breeds, for a complete list of breed names, including many known variants, whether or not there are existing articles. The dogs were selectively bred as either sled dogs or as hunting dogs, which implies that a sled dog standard and a hunting dog standard existed at that time. As a result, the large phenotypic variation across dog breeds can be studied through the analysis with only a small number of genetic markers.[14]. Strong artificial selection has developed around 450 globally recognized breeds. The Chinook is New Hampshire's official state dog. Here you find Dog Breeds from A to Z. This list includes common breeds, rare breeds, and breeds that are still being developed into new breeds. See each article for more information. This page was last changed on 19 December 2020, at 12:01. Some people live by the motto “bigger is better,” and it extends to their dogs, too. [2], A dog breed will consistently produce the desirable physical traits, movement and temperament that were developed over decades of selective breeding. There are three breeds: the Standard, the Giant, and the Miniature.Toy and teacup are not breeds of Schnauzer, but these common terms are used to market undersized or ill-bred Miniature Schnauzers. Fandom Apps Take your favorite fandoms with you and never miss a beat. This category is for domestic dog breeds. For each breed they recognize, kennel clubs and breed registries usually maintain and publish a breed standard which is a written description of the ideal specimen of the breed. Dog types are broad categories of domestic dogs based on form, function or style of work, lineage, or appearance. Similar breeds. To aid in … Some of the most popular breeds are sheepdogs, collies, poodles and retrievers. Pages in category "Dog Breeds" The following 106 pages are in this category, out of 106 total. Find the dog breed that is right for you. The Fédération Cynologique Internationale recognizes over 300 dog breeds. See the lists of dog breeds that these important breed registries allow: From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_dog_breeds&oldid=7219378, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. Breed categories. This is a list of dog breeds, including extant breeds and extinct breeds, varieties and types. This page shows pages devoted to specific dog breeds, mixed breeds ( which covers unidentifiable breed), and accessories for dogs. This breed in the 1600s was involved in dog fighting, which at the time was popular in Japan. These 9 breeds had been referred to as "ancient breeds". The study found a deep genetic split between old-world and new-world wolves, and confirmed the genetic divergence of 13 breeds from a 2010 study (Afghan Hound, Akita, Alaskan Malamute, American Eskimo, Basenji, Canaan dog, Chow Chow, Dingo, New Guinea singing dog, Saluki, Samoyed, Shar-Pei, Siberian Husky), plus another three: the Eurasier, Finnish Spitz and Shiba Inu. Mastiff-type dogs were kept for guarding and hunting, and short-legged dogs were also bred. The domestic dog is the first species, and the only large carnivore, to have been domesticated. However, the United Kennel Club recognizes one breed of feist, the Treeing Feist, while the American Kennel Club does not recognize any feist breed. Fierce Dog (term) Chase-Dog (term) Swift-Dog (term) Most of these breeds were developed within the last 200 years using only small numbers of founders. Dog show competitions included best in breed winners, and the purebreds were winning. Dogs with a breed standard may be accepted into one or more of the major registries (kennel clubs) of dog breeds, including the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (formed 1911, covering 98 countries[30]), The Kennel Club (1873, UK), American Kennel Club (1884), New Zealand Kennel Club (1886), Canadian Kennel Club (1888), United Kennel Club (1898), United Kennel Clubs International (UCI, Germany 1976), Australian National Kennel Council (1958), and other national breed registries. Dog breeds are often grouped in different ways, such as: Hunting dogs; Hounds, including Sight hounds and Scent hounds. [40][41], A mongrel, mixed-breed dog or mutt is a dog that does not belong to one officially recognized breed but can be a mix of two breeds and is not the result of intentional breeding. The combination of introgression and past population bottlenecks suggested that basal breeds have little or no genetic connections to their ancestral populations and that their genetic distinctiveness does not signify ancient heritage. Also there is a Dog Breed Selector and a lot information about dogs. People have carefully bred dogs for thousands of years. Most Popular dogs in the world. It is a cross between theGolden Retrieverand theLabrador Retriever. English: Dog breeds normally have several different names. At death, the heads of the dogs had been carefully separated from their bodies by humans, probably for ceremonial reasons. A puppy with a poodle and a … Some may be locally adapted dog types (or landraces) that may have the visual characteristics of a modern purebred dog.In contrast, modern dog breeds strictly adhere to long established breed standards, that began with documented foundation breeding stock sharing a … Sometimes they inbreed dogs who have the same close ancestors, and sometimes they mix dogs from very different ancestors or even from different breeds. The common names of the dog are Welshie and WT. The German Shepherd (German: Deutscher Schäferhund), also known as the Alsatian, is a breed of medium-large dog. This wiki will inform you about some of the dog breeds. Kennel Clubs maintain breed standards, record pedigrees in a breed registry (or studbook), and issue the rules for conformation dog shows and trials and accreditation of judges. Kennel clubs provide the recognition of distinct dog breeds, but there are many independent clubs with differing, and sometimes inconsistent standards and they need not apply scientific standards. There are over 340 dog breeds known throughout the world. : Alpine Mastiff [9], Between 3,000 and 4,000 years ago greyhound-type dogs were depicted on pottery and paintings in Egypt and Western Asia. "[24] The American Kennel Club allows mixed-breed dogs to be shown but under the condition the animals have been spayed or neutered, are not a wolf hybrid, and not eligible for the AKC Foundation Stock Service Program or an AKC Purebred Alternative Listing (PAL). A dog is a friend that never betrays the master. The German Shepherd (German: Deutscher Schäferhund, German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃɐ ˈʃɛːfɐˌhʊnt]) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany. In 2004, a study looked at the microsatellites of 414 purebred dogs representing 85 breeds. Detailed profiles of more than 200 dog breeds. The study found that the Pharaoh Hound and Ibizan Hound were not as old as once believed; rather, they had been recreated from combinations of other breeds, and that the Norwegian Elkhound grouped with the other European dogs despite reports of direct Scandinavian origins dating back 5,000 years.[15]. If those other lineages were other basal breeds then a basal genetic signature remains. Visit Animal Planet now to take the dog breed quiz and find out. See also: Dog type for information about the original types from which breeds were created. Dog types are broad categories of dogs based on form, function or style of work, lineage, or appearance. When distinguishing breed from type, the rule of thumb is that a breed always "breeds true". Includes personality, history, dog pictures, dog health info, and more. By the end of the Victorian era, society had changed and so did the role of dogs. [7] They became the guardians of their country's breed standards. A dog breed is a particular strain or dog type that was purposefully bred by humans to perform specific tasks, such as herding, hunting, and guarding. They are distinctive from the modern breeds because the genetic heritage of the modern breeds has become blurred due to admixture, and the basal breeds have mostly avoided admixture with them due to geographic or cultural barriers. A dog breed is represented by a sufficient number of individuals to stably transfer its specific characteristics over generations. We considered various features to make each description informative. [17], The study found distinct genetic clusters within modern dogs that largely corresponded to phenotype or function. (There are hundreds, it's impossible to have a page on all of them.) Over the past 200 years, dogs have undergone rapid phenotypic change and were formed into today's modern breeds due to artificial selection imposed by humans. Their behavioural traits include guarding, herding, and hunting, and personality traits such as hypersocial behavior, boldness, and aggression. This breed of dog is a powerful dog according to the character. The breed standard for each breed of dog is a detailed description of the appearance and behaviour of an idealized dog of that breed. [23] Further, some groups of dogs which clearly share a persistent set of characteristics and documented descent from a known foundation stock may still not be recognized by some clubs as breeds. This category has the following 3 subcategories, out of 3 total. As a result, today dogs are the most abundant carnivore species and are dispersed around the world. The American Kennel Club recognizes 197 breeds. [22] Such records, called stud books, may be maintained by individuals, clubs, or other organizations. Breeds. Official documents from the hospice in St. Bernard Pass concerning the dogs date back to 1707, with paintings and drawings of the dog even earlier. The Welsh Terrier is a breed of dog. A dog crossbreed is the result of mating two different breeds. The optimal maximum size for a sled dog is 20–25 kg (44–55 lb) based on thermo-regulation, and the ancient sled dogs were between 16–25 kg (35–55 lb). Dog breeds are often grouped in different ways, such as: Dog breeds are also sometimes grouped into similar types, such as Mastiff types, spitz types, pit bulls, or Lurchers. They have been used as herding dogs, guard dogs, military dogs, eyes for the blind and as pets between others. As a rule, people select a pet which can mirror their individuality and match their main traits of character. In addition, most breed standards include a historical section, describing the place of origin and the original work done by the breed or its ancestor types. [8], In 2017, a study showed that 9,000 years ago the domestic dog was present at what is now Zhokhov Island, arctic north-eastern Siberia, which was connected to the mainland at that time. The Kennel Club in the UK was founded in 1873, and was the world's first national kennel club and breed registry. Other temperaments may be due to the legacies of 'ancient' ancestry.[20]. This continues today, resulting in hundreds of dog breeds, some that are similar to each other, and others that are very different. The dog is a popular breed of dog for hunting breed of dog and it is mainly used for hunting rodents, fox, and badger. The spread of modern dog breeds has been difficult to resolve because many are the products of the controlled breeding practices of the Victorian era (1830–1900). According to the FCI, the breed's English language name is German Shepherd Dog.The breed was officially [who?] As in a 2004 study that found 9 ‘ancient breeds’ to be genetically divergent, the study found 13 breeds that were genetically divergent from the modern breeds: the Basenji, Saluki, Afghan hound, Samoyed, Canaan dog, New Guinea singing dog, dingo, Chow Chow, Chinese Shar Pei, Akita, Alaskan malamute, Siberian husky and American Eskimo dog. The St. Bernard was one of the first breeds of dogs to be documented and differentiated from other large farm dogs of the area. A dog is said to be purebred if their parents were purebred and if the dog meets the standards of the breed. [13], Domestic dogs are the most variable of mammals. [1] Dogs are the most variable mammal on earth, with artificial selection producing around 450 globally recognized dog breeds. Subcategories. The Chinook is a rare breed of sled dog, developed in the state of New Hampshire during the early 20th century. These breeds possess distinct morphological traits including body size, skull shape, tail phenotype, fur colour and fur type. [11][12] In 2010, a study looked at 48,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms that gave a genome-wide coverage of 912 dogs representing 85 breeds. ", "Standards of the Breeds: Group 5 – Working", "Get Started - Register Your Mixed Breed Dog With AKC Canine Partners", "List of Breeds by Group – American Kennel Club", "Gender, age, breed and distribution of morbidity and mortality in insured dogs in Sweden during 1995 and 1996", "Mortality in insured Swedish dogs: rates and causes of death in various breeds", "Longevity and mortality of owned dogs in England", "Comparative Longevity of Pet Dogs and Humans: Implications for Gerontology Research", How fashion has left this dog gasping for air, Vets warn people against buying 'flat-faced' dogs, "Genetic Resources and Their Conservation", Fédération Cynologique Internationale breeds nomenclature, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dog_breed&oldid=998168663, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 4 January 2021, at 03:59. [1][3][4] Other uses of the term breed when referring to dogs include pure breeds, cross-breeds, mixed breeds and natural breeds.[5]. They also possess behavioral traits including herding, guarding, and hunting, in addition to personality traits such as aggression, boldness, or hypersocial behavior. It can help you pick a dog or just help you … See each article for more information. [31], Purebred dogs have more health problems than mongrel dogs, and require more veterinary visits,[32] and tend to have lower longevity. Four varieties of the Belgian Shepherd Dog are recognised as four distinct breeds by the New Zealand Kennel Club. The skull, body, and limb proportions vary significantly between breeds, with dogs displaying more phenotypic diversity than can be found within t… And 1940, American Kennel Club breeds by the motto “ bigger is better, ” and it extends their... 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[ 20 ] some of the appearance and behaviour an. The Victorian era, society had changed and so did the role of dogs based on form function... Are sheepdogs, collies, poodles and retrievers German: Deutscher Schäferhund,... Of mating two different breeds is New Hampshire 's official state dog pages devoted to dog! Genetic divergence are not known different types of dogs that largely corresponded to phenotype or.. Hounds, including Pointers, retrievers, and variety of an idealized dog of that breed and! Feists have a page on all of them. types are broad categories of dogs have a page all! About dogs ancestry with the Pekingese, Japanese Chin, Shih Tzu, Lhasa Apso, Tibetan and., people select a pet which can mirror their individuality and match their main traits of character was... Similar to the legacies of 'ancient ' ancestry. [ 17 ] Middle Eastern wolves [. Were depicted on pottery and paintings in Egypt and Western Asia basal genetic signature remains Owners have. 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